Conference overview

ICOM Estonia, in cooperation with the National Heritage Board of Estonia, is organising the international conference “Illicit Trafficking of Cultural Objects: Who Protects Heritage?” on 27–28 April 2026 at the Estonian National Museum (Muuseumi tee 2, Tartu).

The conference aims to bring together representatives from museums, heritage protection authorities, archives, libraries, sales and auction platforms, law enforcement agencies, and policymakers to discuss the scope, prevention, and ethical responsibilities related to the illicit trafficking of cultural property. Discussions will focus on both the situation in Estonia and international practices, to strengthen cooperation and raise awareness in the protection of cultural heritage.

The conference will address legislative and policy frameworks (in the context of the EU and UNESCO), the movement and transit of cultural property (customs, border control, and law enforcement), as well as the role of museums and heritage institutions in protecting cultural assets and raising awareness. Illicit trafficking of cultural property remains a global challenge, and the growing use of digital platforms and social media has created new risks by providing additional channels for traffickers. Increasing awareness among museums and law enforcement authorities is one of the most effective ways to prevent illicit trade.

ICOM Estonia is a partner in the international PRISM project, which aims to increase awareness among museum professionals and other related sectors about issues surrounding the illicit trafficking of cultural property, while supporting knowledge exchange, provenance research, and ethically responsible heritage management.

More information: https://www.icomeesti.ee/kultuurivaartuste-ebaseaduslik-kaubandus/conference